Moldova & The Dniestr Region: Contested Past, Frozen Present, Speculative Futures? [43] The most prominent of these movements was the Popular Front of Moldova. Following is a list of largest companies in Pakistan: Conglomerates. For additional context, LinkedIn's ad reach in Transnistria was equivalent to 4.1 percent of the local internet user base (regardless of age) at the start of the year. Following a large scale privatisation process in the late 1990s,[117] most of the companies in Transnistria are now privately owned. [117] The CIS accounted for over 60% of the imports, while the share of the EU was about 23%. [115] In 2007, the US-based Christian Broadcasting Network denounced the persecution of Protestants in Transnistria. [131], In 2004, Transnistria had debts of US$1.2billion (two-thirds are with Russia) that was per capita about six times higher than in Moldova (without Transnistria). One is Accenture: even though it is originally from the US and has a global headcount of more than 500,000, its headquarters is now located in Dublin, Ireland, making it an Ireland-based company. Volunteers, including Cossacks, came from Russia to help the separatist side. The capital city, which is also the largest, is Chiinu. Terra's private equity peers, Flywheel Energy, Blackbeard Operating and Scout Energy, are also among the top ten methane emitters. [54] In mid-April 1992, under the agreements on the split of the military equipment of the former Soviet Union negotiated between the former 15 republics in the previous months, Moldova created its own Defence Ministry. The airforce is composed of 9 Mi-8T helicopters, 6 Mi-24 helicopters, 2 Mi-2 helicopters, and several fixed-wing aircraft, including, An-2, An-26 and Yak-18 types. [116], Transnistria has a mixed economy. "Linkage and leverage effects on Moldova's Transnistria problem. In November 2003, Dmitry Kozak, a counselor of Russian president Vladimir Putin, proposed a memorandum on the creation of an asymmetric federal Moldovan state, with Moldova holding a majority and Transnistria being a minority part of the federation. [85] The largest company in the textile industry is Tirotex, which claims to be the second largest textile company in Europe. Apple Incorporation's ranking is the second most valuable company globally, following Saudi Aramco in Saudi Arabia, with a $2.332 Trillion. The largest company in the world can fluctuate day to day, even minute by minute, depending what measurement is used. [96] On 21 May 2015, the Ukrainian parliament passed a law terminating five co-operation agreements with Russia. "The Dniester Conflict: Between Irredentism and Separatism,", "Ukaz Prezidenta Soiuza Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik O Merakh po Normalizatsii Obstanovki v SSR Moldova,", "Postanovlenie verkhovnogo soveta Pridnestrovskoi Moldavskoi Respubliki ob izmenenii nazvaniia respubliki,", John O'Loughlin, Vladimir Kolossov & Gerald Toal, "Inside the post-Soviet de facto states: a comparison of attitudes in Abkhazia, Nagorny Karabakh, South Ossetia, and Transnistria, in, "Nezavisimaya Moldova", 25 October 1994; Informative Report of FAM of RM, nr.2, October 1994, pp. Here you get access to unique top lists based on the 500,000 largest companies in the Nordic region. [100], During the prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, Ukrainian military intelligence stated on 14 January 2022 that they had evidence that the Russian government was covertly planning false flag "provocations" against Russian soldiers stationed in Transnistria, which would be used to justify a Russian invasion of Ukraine. Other resolutions: 320 160 pixels | 640 320 pixels | 1,024 512 pixels | 1,280 640 pixels | 2,560 1,280 pixels. that the Transnistrian authorities would try to sell these stocks internationally, and intense pressure was applied to have these removed by Russia. The Russian army has a military base, a large ammunition dump and about 1,500 soldiers stationed in Transnistria, stating that they are there as "peacekeepers". State Statistics Service of Pridnestrovie, Subdivisions and localities of Transnistria (, , , , , Russian military presence in Transnistria, Transnistria adopted a white-blue-red tricolor flag in 2017, which is almost identical to the, The Supreme Soviet changed the official name of the republic from Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic to Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic on 5 November 1991. Navigate your way around among almost 700 daily updated top lists ranked by turnover, number of employees and profits, listed by location and industry. The village of Roghi of Molovata Nou Commune is also controlled by the PMR (Moldova controls the other nine of the 10 villages of the six communes). [21] This agreement was implemented after the European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine (EUBAM) took force in 2005. A cafe in Transnistria called Back in the USSR (MEE/Andrei Popoviciu) Tiraspol announced earlier this year its highest ever trade turnover with Russia of more than $820 million. 05. Russian-occupied Transnistria announces three-month military training for men starting from March 1. Company Highlights: Lithia Motors, Inc. is one of the largest providers of personal transportation solutions in the United States and is among the fastest growing companies in the Fortune 500. [152], Coordinates: 4650N 2937E / 46.833N 29.617E / 46.833; 29.617. After the collapse of the Soviet Union, Transnistria wanted to return to a "Brezhnev-style planned economy". [77][78] Some sources consider election results suspect. June 2010 surveys indicated that 13% of Transnistria's population desired the area's reintegration into Moldova in the condition of territorial autonomy, while 46% wanted Transnistria to be part of the Russian Federation.[74]. "Tiraspol not willing to register opposition representative in electoral race", "CANDIDATE TO OFFICE OF TRANSNISTRIAN VICE-PRESIDENT COMMENTS ON OPPOSITION'S CHANCES", "US Department of State, Country Report on Human Rights Practices in Moldova 2003", "The policy of linguistic cleansing in Transnistria", " ! The characteristics of the Transnistrian economic model", "Moldova. In February 2011, it was started again in Vienna. She revealed this information on Monday, February 27, to the Rada TV channel. According to Natalya Gumenyuk, the press secretary of the Ukrainian 'South' Defence Forces, Kyiv has deployed units of the Armed Forces of Ukraine near Transnistria. [65] Transnistrians may have dual, triple or even quadruple citizenship of internationally recognised countries, including: There are unsettled border issues between Transnistria and Moldova. China Petrochemical Corporation or Sinopec Group is the world's largest oil refining, gas and petrochemical conglomerate, administered by SASAC for the State Council of the People's Republic of China. As of 2009[update] the population of Transnistria comprised about 555,000 people. Since 1990, Transnistria has governed itself independently of the Moldovan capital, Chisinau, fortified by a permanent Russian military presence and annual financial aid from Moscow. In September 2007, the leader of the Pridnestrovie Communist Party, Oleg Khorzhan, was sentenced to a suspended sentence of 1 years' imprisonment for organising unsanctioned actions of protest.[84]. Its capital city is Tiraspol. Transnistria is a presidential republic. International air travellers rely on the airport in Chiinu, the Moldovan capital, or the airport in Odessa, in Ukraine. ", Blakkisrud, Helge, and Pl Kolst. Consumers can buy, sell and service vehicles digitally or through our 188 coast to coast locations. However, no further withdrawal activities have taken place since March 2004 and a further 20,000 tons of ammunition, as well as some remaining military equipment, are still to be removed. During 2002 and 2003 Russian military officials destroyed a further 51 armoured vehicles, all of which were types not limited by the CFE Treaty. territorial unit: Stinga Nistrului (Transnistria)", "Council of Europe Designates Transnistria 'Russian Occupied Territory', Constitution of the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Republic, Moldova, Transnistria and European Democracy Policies, European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine (EUBAM), "Background EU Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine", "Education and Information the golden passport for young Transnistrians", "Transnistria: Russia's satellite state an open wound in Eastern Europe", "Frozen Conflicts in the Black Sea-South Caucasus Region", "Head of Foreign Ministry of the Republic of South Ossetia congratulated Minister of Foreign Affairs of the PMR with Sixth Anniversary of Creation of Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations", "Moldova's Energy Strategy and the 'Frozen Conflict' of Transnistria", " : ", " 20 ", ": : , , ", " , , ", " , ", "Union of Moldavians in Transnistria: We have no grounds to distrust Smirnov", "Romania and The Nazi-Soviet war, 19411944", "Stalinist terror in Soviet Moldavia, by Igor Casu", The painful past retold Social memory in Azerbaijan and Gagauzia, , Moldova Matters: Why Progress is Still Possible on Ukraine's Southwestern Flank, Netherlands Institute of International Relations The OSCE Moldova and Russian diplomacy 2003, "Talk conditions of Transnistria on March 2011", "The futiliy of the negotiations on Transnistria", "Transnistria wants to merge with Russia", "Moldova's Trans-Dniester region pleads to join Russia", "Dniester public organizations ask Russia to consider possibility of Transnistria accession", Moldovan Mission seeks solution to Dorotcaia's bitter harvest, Locuitorii satului Vasilievca de pe malul stng al Nistrului triesc clipe de comar, "Transnistrian Militia Withdrew Its Posts from Vasilievca", "PMR Supreme Council (Parliament of Transnistria's official website)". Violence escalated when in October 1990 the Popular Front called for volunteers to form armed militias to stop an autonomy referendum in Gagauzia, which had an even higher share of ethnic minorities. ADVERTISEMENT [109], In 2004, Transnistrian authorities organised a separate census from the 2004 Moldovan Census. [22] Most Transnistrians have Moldovan citizenship,[23] but many also have Russian, Romanian, or Ukrainian citizenship. Chiinu, 2004, p. 600. Ukrainians were the third largest ethnic group, representing a 45.41% relative majority in the northern Rbnia District, a 42.6% minority in Camenca, a 33.0% minority in Tiraspol, a 28.3% minority in Dubsari, a 23.4% minority in Slobozia, and a 17.4% minority in Grigoriopol. The GDP increased by 11.1% and inflation rate was 19.3% with the GDP per capita now being $2,140, higher than Moldova's GDP per capita that is $2,040. It proclaimed its independence on September 2, 1990. Transnistria has warm summers and cool to cold winters. junio 12, 2022. cottage for sale in timmins on . Return to the USSR - Excursion in Transnistria 11 Recommended by 90% of travelers Bus Tours from $114.30 per adult Tiraspol must-see tour - Transnistria 112 Recommended by 98% of travelers Private and Luxury from $27.21 per adult 3. The economy is based on a mix of heavy industry (steel production), electricity production, and manufacturing (textile production), which together account for about 80% of the total industrial output.[118]. The OSCE also observed and verified the withdrawal of 48 trains with military equipment and ammunition in 2003. The state terrorists has left their bloody footprints in many places. Armenia News - NEWS.am. Bitcoin is the largest blockchain-based digital asset, with a market capitalization of $473.7 billion as of Feb. 19, 2023. [105] They have 18 tanks, 107 armoured personnel carriers, 73 field guns, 46 anti-aircraft installations, and 173 tank destroyer units. Size of this PNG preview of this SVG file: 800 400 pixels. Transnistria, which is also known as the Prednestrovian Moldavian Republic, is under the leadership of President Vadim Krasnoselsky. The localities controlled by Moldova on the eastern bank, the village of Roghi, and the city of Dubsari (situated on the eastern bank and controlled by the PMR) form a security zone along with the six villages and one city controlled by the PMR on the western bank, as well as two (Varnia and Copanca) on the same west bank under Moldovan control. 90% of the population of Transnistria are citizens of Transnistria. According to the government of Transnistria, the 2007 GDP was 6789 mln ruble (appx US$799million) and the GDP per capita was about US$1,500. BNS. See the complete profile on LinkedIn and discover 's connections and jobs at similar companies. Pixabay/Public Domain. It slipped two spots in the global rankings to #16. The entire economy of Transniestria can more or less be reduced to five companies: a cement producer, a steel producer, Tirotex, Russian energy company Inter RAO UES, and Sheriff. [147], In November 2005 Ion Iovcev, the principal of a Romanian-language school in Transnistria and active advocate for human rights as well as a critic of the Transnistrian leadership, received threatening calls that he attributed to his criticism of the separatist regime. The security situation inside it is subject to the Joint Control Commission rulings. Moldova has since then exercised no effective control or influence on Transnistrian authorities. Most television and radio stations and print publication were controlled by Transnistrian authorities, which largely dictated their editorial policies and finance operations. [26] These four partially recognised or unrecognised states maintain friendly relations with each other and form the Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations.[27][28][29]. The main imports were non-precious metals, food products, and electricity. Transnistria has its own central bank, the Transnistrian Republican Bank, which issues its national currency, the Transnistrian rubla. On 2 September 1990, the Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic (PMSSR) was proclaimed as a Soviet republic by an ad hoc assembly, the Second Congress of the Peoples' Representatives of Transnistria, following a successful referendum. Transnistria, along with Abkhazia, South Ossetia, and Artsakh, is a post-Soviet "frozen conflict" zone. The aviation industry is one of the attractive sectors in the world simply due to the nature of the products. It is included in Forbes' list of America's Best Banks 2021 and the Just 100 Companies 2021 that features both private and public companies that practice responsible capitalism. "Interfax", Moscow, in Russian, 0850 gmt, 7 July 2004, Pridnestrovian Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic, Administrative-Territorial Units of the Left Bank of the Dniester, Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe, Moldavian Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, must be registered with the Moldovan authorities, European Union Border Assistance Mission to Moldova and Ukraine, Community for Democracy and Rights of Nations, Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation, Disputed status of Transnistria: Territorial issues, Learn how and when to remove this template message, the road from Tiraspol to Rbnia through Dubsari, partially recognised or unrecognised states, International recognition of Transnistria, Treaty on Conventional Armed Forces in Europe, prelude to the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine, armed forces and the paramilitary of Transnistria, Romanian-language schools in Transnistria, List of active separatist movements in Europe, " ", "Hopes Rise in Transnistria of a Russian Annexation", "On the situation of Russian schools in Moldova", "Law of the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic on the Functioning of Languages on the Territory of the Moldavian SSR", "Russian language in Moldova could lose their status ( )", "352 DE MII DE LOCUITORI DIN REGIUNEA TRANSNISTREAN DEIN CETENIA REPUBLICII MOLDOVA I 362 DE MII FIGUREAZ N REGISTRUL DE STAT AL POPULAIEI", "An aided economy. In the Moldavian SSR in particular, there was a significant resurgence of pro-Romanian nationalism among Moldovans. They are situated north and south of the city of Dubsari, which itself is under PMR control. Others accounted for 5,700 people or 1.2%. Walmart also led ranking of companies by revenue in 2022, with a total revenue of about 600. The banking sector of Transnistria consists of 8 commercial banks, including Gazprombank. In early 1988, PFM demanded that the Soviet authorities declare Moldovan the only state language, return to the use of the Latin alphabet, and recognise the shared ethnic identity of Moldovans and Romanians. "Representation and democracy in Eurasia's unrecognized states: The case of Transnistria. Largest European companies based on number of employees worldwide in 2020 (in 1,000s) Characteristic. During World War II, the Soviet Union took parts of the Moldavian ASSR, which was dissolved, and of the Kingdom of Romania's Bessarabia to form the Moldavian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1940. dashboard NASDAQ Composite Index Dashboard Browse Countries, Sectors, Industries, Stock Indices & Top Companies . The report also states that the same holds true for the production of such weapons, which is likely to have been carried out in the 1990s, primarily to equip Transnistrian forces. The urbanisation rate was 69.9%. In late October 2014 MTS-Ukraine, which held a 57% share of the Crimean market of mobile telecommunication services, has sold all . Transnistria-Ukraine relations is the bilateral relationship between the Pridnestrovian Moldovan Republic (commonly known as Transnistria) . It includes ten cities and towns, and 69 communes, with a total of 147 localities (counting the unincorporated ones as well). 19. According to the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) the media climate in Transnistria is restrictive and the authorities continue a long-standing campaign to silence independent opposition voices and groups. These villages, along with Varnia and Copanca, near Bender and Tiraspol, are claimed by the PMR. Between 1929 and 1940, Tiraspol functioned as the capital of the Moldavian ASSR, an autonomous republic that existed from 1924 to 1940 within the Ukrainian SSR. [128] Transnistria's government budget for 2007 was US$246million, with an estimated deficit of about US$100million[129] that the government planned to cover with income from privatisations. Most of the companies were able to recover from this turnaround while others simply packed their bags. Moldovans were the largest ethnic group, representing an overall majority in the two districts in the central Transnistria (Dubsari District, 50.2%, and Grigoriopol District, 64.8%) a 47.8% relative majority in the northern Camenca District, and a 41.5% relative majority in the southern (Slobozia District). A ceasefire agreement, signed on 21 July 1992, has held to the present day. The former Soviet 14th Guards Army entered the conflict in its final stage, opening fire against Moldovan forces;[55] approximately 700 people were killed. [114], Transnistria's government has supported the restoration and construction of new Orthodox churches. The territory controlled by the PMR is mostly, but not completely, conterminous with the left (eastern) bank of Dniester. In Bender (Tighina) and the other non-Transnistria localities under PMR control, ethnic Russians represented a 43.4% relative majority, followed by Moldovans at 26.2%, Ukrainians at 17.1%, Bulgarians at 2.9%, Gagauzians at 1.0%, Jews at 0.3%, Poles at 0.2%, Roma at 0.1%, and others at 7.8%. In 1924, the Moldavian ASSR was proclaimed within the Ukrainian SSR; the ASSR included today's Transnistria (4,100km2, 1,600sqmi) and an area (4,200km2, 1,600sqmi) to the northeast around the city of Balta, but nothing from Bessarabia, which at the time formed part of Romania. Saudi Aramco (Saudi Arabian Oil Company) went public barely two years back in 2019, and it is the world's second-largest company with a market cap of 2.206 Trillion dollars. [146], The OSCE mission to Moldova has urged local authorities in the Transnistrian city of Rbnia to return a confiscated building to the Moldovan Latin script school in the city. ; 3 Rbnia () with two important bridges over the Dniester River, Rbnia has a scenic location, and is home to Transnistria's largest company, a steelworks There are concerns that the remainder of these arms stockpiles could be used in a future. According to the 2006 referendum, carried out by the PMR government, 97.2% of the population voted in favour of "independence from Moldova and free association with Russia". Three of the top five firms are oil . [94][97], One point of access for Russian soldiers travelling to Transnistria remains Chiinu International Airport and the short overland journey from there to Tiraspol. News and Reports Midnight Edition 12/23-24/23 - Transnistria in the Spotlight with Largest Arsenal in Europe That Ukraine Desperately Needs. The ethnic composition of the region has been unstable in recent history, with the most notable change being the decreasing share of Moldovan and Jewish population segments and increase of the Russian. Recent weapons inspections were permitted by Transnistria and conducted by the OSCE. Number of employees worldwide (in 1,000s) Volkswagen (Germany) 671.21. Elections in Transnistria are not recognised by international bodies such as the European Union, as well as numerous individual countries, who called them a source of increased tensions. The company faced a huge setback in 2012 along with other home building famous companies. The 2007 Freedom in the World report, published by the U.S.-based Freedom House, described Transnistria as a "non-free" territory, having an equally bad situation in both political rights and civil liberties.
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